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A2 The first day at work · 52 sentences
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Last week Lena had her first day at work in a small café. She was very nervous because she had never worked as a waitress before. In the morning she got up early and had a quick shower. Then she put on her nicest blouse. At the café her boss explained everything to her: the coffee machine, the till and the tables. At ten o'clock the first guests came. An old man ordered a cappuccino, but Lena brought him a tea by mistake. She apologised immediately. The man laughed and said that he actually prefers tea. After that Lena wasn't so nervous any more. In the evening she was tired but happy. She's already looking forward to tomorrow. On the second day Lena drove to the café at seven o'clock. Her boss is called Mr Berger, and he's very friendly. He showed her how to make a good milky coffee. That was harder than Lena had thought. The milk has to be hot, but it mustn't boil. Lena tried three times. The fourth time the coffee was finally perfect. Mr Berger smiled and drank it himself. At lunchtime the café was suddenly full. Lots of people from the offices wanted to eat something quickly. Lena had to take orders, make coffee and carry plates all at once. Once she dropped a glass. Luckily it was empty. A colleague, Sara, helped her. Sara has been working at the café for three years. She gave Lena a tip: you should always bring the drinks first. Then the guests are happy, even if the food takes a bit longer. On Friday Lena got a tip for the first time. A family with two children gave her five euros. The children really wanted hot chocolate with cream. Lena also gave them two little biscuits. The children were very happy about that. In the evening Lena told her mother about the family. Her mother asked whether the work is tiring. Lena answered that she's tired in the evenings, but loves the work. In the second week there was a problem. The coffee machine broke. Mr Berger called a technician straight away, but he couldn't come until the afternoon. So in the morning the café only sold tea and juice. Some guests were unhappy and left again. Lena had an idea. She wrote on a board: today tea is half price. The idea worked, and lots of people ordered tea. Still, Lena was glad when the technician finally came. Mr Berger was delighted with her idea. After a month he asked Lena whether she'd like to keep working at the café. Lena didn't have to think for long. She'd like to stay, because she enjoys the work and the team is nice. Now she works at the café three times a week. And by now she can make the perfect milky coffee in her sleep.
Explained for A2 The text reads like A2.
Lena starts as a waitress in a small café and, over her first month, learns to make the perfect milky coffee, survives a busy lunchtime and saves the day when the coffee machine breaks. The story is told in the Perfekt and Präteritum and practises weil, dass, ob and als clauses, reflexive verbs, two objects and adjective endings.
Letzte WocheTime hatteVerb LenaSubject ihren ersten ArbeitstagAccusative in einem kleinen Café.Place
“Last week Lena had her first day at work in a small café.”
ihren ersten Arbeitstag … einem kleinen Café
After ein-words (ein, kein, mein, ihr …) the adjective ending shows the case when the article can't. In the accusative masculine and in the dative it's -en: ihren ersten Arbeitstag, in einem kleinen Café. In the nominative it's -er, -e or -es: ein alter Mann.
German Grammar A2, chapter 10
› explains how she felt and why
SieSubject warVerb sehr nervös,Manner weilConnector sieSubject vorherTime noch nieNegation als KellnerinManner gearbeitetVerb end hat.Verb
“She was very nervous because she had never worked as a waitress before.”
weil sie … gearbeitet hat
weil (because) starts a subordinate clause, and there the conjugated verb moves to the very end: sie hat gearbeitet becomes weil sie gearbeitet hat. dass, wenn and ob work the same way.
German Grammar A2, chapter 13
› the start of her day
Am MorgenTime istVerb sieSubject frühTime aufgestandenVerb end undConnector hatVerb schnellManner geduscht.Verb end
“In the morning she got up early and had a quick shower.”
ist … aufgestanden … hat … geduscht
The Perfekt is haben or sein in position 2 plus the participle at the end. Most verbs take haben (hat geduscht); verbs of movement or change of state take sein (ist aufgestanden, ist gekommen). In separable verbs the ge- goes between prefix and stem: auf-ge-standen.
German Grammar A2, chapter 2 Practise regular verbs ›
› what she did next
DannTime hatVerb sieSubject sichDative ihre schönste BluseAccusative angezogen.Verb end
“Then she put on her nicest blouse.”
hat sie sich … angezogen
With sich anziehen the action goes back to the subject: she dresses herself. When the sentence names what you put on, that thing is the accusative and the reflexive pronoun turns dative: ich ziehe mir die Bluse an (not mich). For sie, both forms are sich.
German Grammar A2, chapter 4
ihre schönste Bluse
The superlative is the adjective + -st + an ending: schön, schöner, schönst-. Before a noun it takes the normal adjective ending: ihre schönste Bluse, der schönste Tag.
German Grammar A2, chapter 11
› her first hour at work
Im CaféPlace hatVerb ihr ChefSubject ihrDative allesAccusative erklärt:Verb end die Kaffeemaschine, die Kasse und die Tische.Accusative
“At the café her boss explained everything to her: the coffee machine, the till and the tables.”
ihr alles erklärt
erklären can take two objects: the person in the dative (ihr, to her) and the thing in the accusative (alles). The same with geben, zeigen, bringen. Note the two different ihr: ihr Chef (her boss) and ihr (to her).
German Grammar A2, chapter 5 Practise the dative ›
Im Café
in, an, auf, unter, über, vor, hinter, neben and zwischen take the dative for where something is (Wo? im Café) and the accusative for where it's going (Wohin? ins Café).
German Grammar A2, chapter 6
› the café opens
Um zehn UhrTime sindVerb die ersten GästeSubject gekommen.Verb end
“At ten o'clock the first guests came.”
die ersten Gäste
After the definite article the adjective ending is mostly -e or -en. In the plural it's always -en: die ersten Gäste, mit den ersten Gästen.
German Grammar A2, chapter 9
› the first order goes wrong
Ein alter MannSubject hatVerb einen CappuccinoAccusative bestellt,Verb end aberConnector LenaSubject hatVerb ihmDative aus VersehenManner einen TeeAccusative gebracht.Verb end
“An old man ordered a cappuccino, but Lena brought him a tea by mistake.”
› how Lena reacted
SieSubject hatVerb sichAccusative sofortTime entschuldigt.Verb end
“She apologised immediately.”
› the guest's reaction
Der MannSubject hatVerb gelachtVerb end undConnector gesagt,Verb end dassConnector erSubject TeeAccusative eigentlich lieberManner mag.Verb
“The man laughed and said that he actually prefers tea.”
› the result
DanachTime warVerb LenaSubject nicht mehr so nervös.Negation
“After that Lena wasn't so nervous any more.”
› how the day ended
Am AbendTime warVerb sieSubject müde,Manner aberConnector glücklich.Manner
“In the evening she was tired but happy.”
› looks ahead
SieSubject freutVerb sichAccusative schonTime auf morgen.
“She's already looking forward to tomorrow.”
freut sich … auf morgen
sich freuen auf + accusative means to look forward to something still to come; sich freuen über + accusative means to be happy about something that has happened.
German Grammar A2, chapter 8
› the next day
Am zweiten TagTime istVerb LenaSubject schonTime um sieben UhrTime ins CaféPlace gefahren.Verb end
“On the second day Lena drove to the café at seven o'clock.”
Ihr ChefSubject heißtVerb Herr Berger, undConnector erSubject istVerb sehr freundlich.Manner
“Her boss is called Mr Berger, and he's very friendly.”
ErSubject hatVerb ihrDative gezeigt,Verb end wie man einen guten Milchkaffee macht.Accusative
“He showed her how to make a good milky coffee.”
wie man einen guten Milchkaffee macht
A question word (wie, was, wo, wann) can start a subordinate clause inside a sentence. Like after weil and dass, the verb goes to the end: Wie macht man …? becomes Er hat gezeigt, wie man … macht.
German Grammar A2, chapter 14
DasSubject warVerb schwieriger,Manner als Lena gedacht hat.
“That was harder than Lena had thought.”
Die MilchSubject mussVerb heißManner sein,Verb end aberConnector sieSubject darfVerb nichtNegation kochen.Verb end
“The milk has to be hot, but it mustn't boil.”
LenaSubject hatVerb esAccusative dreimalTime versucht.Verb end
“Lena tried three times.”
Beim vierten MalTime warVerb der KaffeeSubject endlich perfekt.Manner
“The fourth time the coffee was finally perfect.”
Herr BergerSubject hatVerb gelächeltVerb end undConnector ihnAccusative selbst getrunken.Verb end
“Mr Berger smiled and drank it himself.”
› a busy lunchtime
MittagsTime warVerb das CaféSubject plötzlich voll.Manner
“At lunchtime the café was suddenly full.”
Viele Leute aus den BürosSubject wolltenVerb schnellManner etwasAccusative essen.Verb end
“Lots of people from the offices wanted to eat something quickly.”
wollten
For the past of modal verbs, German uses the Präteritum: wollen → wollte, müssen → musste, können → konnte, dürfen → durfte. The umlaut goes and -te is added.
German Grammar A2, chapter 3
LenaSubject mussteVerb gleichzeitigTime Bestellungen aufnehmen,Verb end Kaffee kochenVerb end undConnector Teller tragen.Verb end
“Lena had to take orders, make coffee and carry plates all at once.”
EinmalTime istVerb ihrDative ein GlasSubject heruntergefallen.Verb end
“Once she dropped a glass.”
ist ihr ein Glas heruntergefallen
German often describes an accident from the thing's side: the glass fell, and the person it happened to is in the dative. Mir ist das Handy heruntergefallen = I dropped my phone.
Zum Glück warVerb esSubject leer.Manner
“Luckily it was empty.”
Eine Kollegin, Sara,Subject hatVerb ihrDative geholfen.Verb end
“A colleague, Sara, helped her.”
SaraSubject arbeitetVerb schon seit drei JahrenTime im Café.Place
“Sara has been working at the café for three years.”
seit drei Jahren
For something that started in the past and is still going on, German uses seit + dative with the present tense, where English says has been doing: Sie arbeitet seit drei Jahren hier.
German Grammar A2, chapter 7
SieSubject hatVerb LenaDative einen TippAccusative gegeben:Verb end ManSubject sollVerb immer zuerstTime die GetränkeAccusative bringen.Verb end
“She gave Lena a tip: you should always bring the drinks first.”
DannTime sindVerb die GästeSubject zufrieden,Manner auch wenn das Essen etwas länger dauert.
“Then the guests are happy, even if the food takes a bit longer.”
› the end of the week
Am FreitagTime hatVerb LenaSubject zum ersten MalTime TrinkgeldAccusative bekommen.Verb end
“On Friday Lena got a tip for the first time.”
Eine Familie mit zwei KindernSubject hatVerb ihrDative fünf EuroAccusative gegeben.Verb end
“A family with two children gave her five euros.”
Die KinderSubject wolltenVerb unbedingt heiße Schokolade mit Sahne.Accusative
“The children really wanted hot chocolate with cream.”
LenaSubject hatVerb ihnenDative auch noch zwei kleine KekseAccusative geschenkt.Verb end
“Lena also gave them two little biscuits.”
Darüber habenVerb sichAccusative die KinderSubject sehrManner gefreut.Verb end
“The children were very happy about that.”
Darüber
sich freuen über + accusative means to be glad about. For a thing or an idea, über + it becomes one word: darüber. Darüber in position 1 points back to the biscuits.
Am AbendTime hatVerb LenaSubject ihrer MutterDative von der Familie erzählt.Verb end
“In the evening Lena told her mother about the family.”
Ihre MutterSubject hatVerb gefragt,Verb end ob die Arbeit anstrengend ist.
“Her mother asked whether the work is tiring.”
LenaSubject hatVerb geantwortet,Verb end dass sie abends zwar müde ist, aber die Arbeit liebt.
“Lena answered that she's tired in the evenings, but loves the work.”
› trouble
In der zweiten WocheTime gabVerb esSubject ein Problem.Accusative
“In the second week there was a problem.”
Die KaffeemaschineSubject istVerb kaputtgegangen.Verb end
“The coffee machine broke.”
Kaffeemaschine
German builds long nouns from short ones: Kaffee + Maschine. The last part decides the gender and the meaning: die Maschine, so die Kaffeemaschine.
German Grammar A2, chapter 19
Herr BergerSubject hatVerb sofortTime einen TechnikerAccusative angerufen,Verb end aberConnector derSubject konnteVerb erst am NachmittagTime kommen.Verb end
“Mr Berger called a technician straight away, but he couldn't come until the afternoon.”
aber der konnte
In speech German often uses der, die, das instead of er, sie, es, especially for someone just mentioned: aber der konnte erst später kommen.
German Grammar A2, chapter 12
› the result
Deshalb hatVerb das CaféSubject am MorgenTime nur Tee und SaftAccusative verkauft.Verb end
“So in the morning the café only sold tea and juice.”
Deshalb hat das Café
deshalb (that's why) gives the result of what came before. It takes position 1, so the verb follows right away: Deshalb hat das Café … verkauft.
German Grammar A2, chapter 15
Einige GästeSubject warenVerb unzufriedenManner undConnector sindVerb wieder gegangen.Verb end
“Some guests were unhappy and left again.”
LenaSubject hatteVerb eine Idee.Accusative
“Lena had an idea.”
SieSubject hatVerb auf eine TafelPlace geschrieben:Verb end HeuteTime gibtVerb esSubject TeeAccusative zum halben Preis.
“She wrote on a board: today tea is half price.”
Die IdeeSubject hatVerb funktioniert,Verb end undConnector viele LeuteSubject habenVerb TeeAccusative bestellt.Verb end
“The idea worked, and lots of people ordered tea.”
Trotzdem hatVerb sichAccusative LenaSubject gefreut,Verb end als der Techniker endlich kam.Time
“Still, Lena was glad when the technician finally came.”
als der Techniker endlich kam
For one single event in the past, when is als: als der Techniker kam. For things that happened again and again (whenever), or for the present and future, it's wenn. Both send the verb to the end.
Herr BergerSubject warVerb von ihrer Idee begeistert.Manner
“Mr Berger was delighted with her idea.”
› the end of the month
Nach einem MonatTime hatVerb erSubject LenaAccusative gefragt,Verb end ob sie länger im Café arbeiten möchte.
“After a month he asked Lena whether she'd like to keep working at the café.”
LenaSubject mussteVerb nicht langeNegation überlegen.Verb end
“Lena didn't have to think for long.”
› her answer
SieSubject würdeVerb gernManner bleiben,Verb end dennConnector die ArbeitSubject machtVerb ihrDative SpaßAccusative undConnector das TeamSubject istVerb nett.Manner
“She'd like to stay, because she enjoys the work and the team is nice.”
würde gern bleiben
würde + gern + infinitive says what someone would like to do: Sie würde gern bleiben. It's the Konjunktiv II, the form for wishes and polite requests, like möchte and hätte gern.
German Grammar A2, chapter 17
JetztTime arbeitetVerb sieSubject dreimal pro WocheTime im Café.Place
“Now she works at the café three times a week.”
› the happy ending
UndConnector den perfekten MilchkaffeeAccusative kannVerb sieSubject inzwischenTime im SchlafManner machen.Verb end
“And by now she can make the perfect milky coffee in her sleep.”