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A1 My weekend · 51 sentences
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My name is Jonas and I'm twenty years old. On Saturday I sleep in. At eleven o'clock I have breakfast with my brother. We eat bread with cheese and drink coffee. In the afternoon we play football in the park. My brother plays very well, but I don't play so well. On Sunday I visit my grandma. She doesn't live far from here. She always cooks soup, and the soup tastes fantastic. We talk about the family and look at photos. At six o'clock I go back home. The weekend is nice, but it's always too short! That's why I'm already planning next weekend. Next Saturday we're going to a lake. We means my brother, my friend Lea and me. The lake is forty kilometres from the city. We're taking the bikes with us. The ride takes about two hours. Lea has a new bike, and she rides very fast. My brother rides slowly, because his bike is old. I ride in the middle. On Friday evening I go shopping at the supermarket. I need bread, tomatoes, cheese and water. My brother makes potato salad. He can cook very well. Lea is bringing a cake. Her cake is always delicious. We pack everything into three backpacks. Hopefully the weather will be good! I'm really looking forward to it. At the lake we look for a spot under a tree. Then we go swimming. The water is still cold, but that doesn't matter. After swimming we're very hungry. We eat the salad, the bread and of course the cake. After that we play cards. Lea almost always wins. My brother doesn't think that's funny. In the afternoon he sleeps in the grass. Lea and I walk around the lake. We see ducks, fish and a big dog. The dog jumps into the water and swims to the ducks. The ducks fly away. At seven o'clock we ride back. We're tired but happy. At home I have a shower and eat a sandwich. Then I call my grandma. I tell her about the lake. She says it sounds wonderful. On Sunday I visit her again, as always. And hopefully next weekend won't be so short!
Explained for A1 The text reads like A1.
Jonas describes a weekend at home and plans the next one: a bike ride to a lake with a brother and a friend, a picnic, swimming and cards. The story practises the present tense, word order with time words, separable and modal verbs, and the accusative and dative.
IchSubject heißeVerb Jonas undConnector ichSubject binVerb zwanzig Jahre alt.
“My name is Jonas and I'm twenty years old.”
ich bin zwanzig Jahre alt
German uses sein (to be) for age, like English: ich bin zwanzig Jahre alt. sein is fully irregular: ich bin, du bist, er ist, wir sind, ihr seid, sie sind.
German Grammar A1, chapter 2
ich heiße
With ich the present tense ending is -e: ich heiße, ich spiele, ich wohne. heißen means to be called, so Ich heiße Jonas is the usual way to say my name is Jonas.
German Grammar A1, chapter 3 Practise regular verbs ›
› the weekend starts
Am SamstagTime schlafeVerb ichSubject lange.Manner
“On Saturday I sleep in.”
Am Samstag schlafe ich
The verb stays in position 2 even when a time word starts the sentence. Then the subject moves behind the verb: Am Samstag (1) schlafe (2) ich. This switch is called inversion.
German Grammar A1, chapter 6
Am Samstag
For days and parts of the day, use am (an + dem): am Samstag, am Abend, am Nachmittag. For clock times, use um: um elf Uhr.
German Grammar A1, chapter 16
› the first plan of the day
Um elf UhrTime frühstückeVerb ichSubject mit meinem Bruder.Dative
“At eleven o'clock I have breakfast with my brother.”
Um elf Uhr
um + a number + Uhr gives a time: um elf Uhr (at 11 o'clock), um halb acht (at 7:30).
German Grammar A1, chapter 8
mit meinem Bruder
mit always takes the dative. Masculine and neuter words get -em: mein Bruder becomes mit meinem Bruder; feminine words get -er: mit meiner Schwester.
German Grammar A1, chapter 15 Practise the dative ›
› what they have for breakfast
WirSubject essenVerb Brot mit KäseAccusative undConnector trinkenVerb Kaffee.Accusative
“We eat bread with cheese and drink coffee.”
Brot mit Käse … Kaffee
For an amount of food or drink in general, German uses no article, like English: Wir essen Brot und trinken Kaffee. With one specific thing, use the article: das Brot ist frisch.
German Grammar A1, chapter 4
› what they do after breakfast
Am NachmittagTime spielenVerb wirSubject FußballAccusative im Park.Place
“In the afternoon we play football in the park.”
im Park
When in says where something happens (Wo?), it takes the dative: in dem Park, shortened to im Park. You'll see the other half of this rule, in + accusative for where to, at A2.
German Grammar A2, chapter 6
› compares the two brothers
Mein BruderSubject spieltVerb sehr gut,Manner aberConnector ichSubject spieleVerb nicht so gut.Negation
“My brother plays very well, but I don't play so well.”
aber ich spiele
aber (but) sits in position 0: after it the sentence keeps its normal order, ich (1) spiele (2). The same goes for und, oder and denn.
German Grammar A1, chapter 19
nicht so gut
nicht goes right before the word it negates when that's an adjective or adverb: nicht so gut, nicht weit.
German Grammar A1, chapter 9
› Sunday is different
Am SonntagTime besucheVerb ichSubject meine Oma.Accusative
“On Sunday I visit my grandma.”
meine Oma
mein (my) takes the endings of ein. With a feminine noun it's meine, in the nominative and the accusative alike: meine Oma.
German Grammar A1, chapter 11
› where grandma lives
SieSubject wohntVerb nicht weit von hier.Place
“She doesn't live far from here.”
› what they do at grandma's
SieSubject kochtVerb immerTime Suppe,Accusative undConnector die SuppeSubject schmecktVerb fantastisch.Manner
“She always cooks soup, and the soup tastes fantastic.”
› what they do after dinner
WirSubject sprechenVerb über die Familie undConnector sehenVerb FotosAccusative an.Verb end
“We talk about the family and look at photos.”
sehen Fotos an
ansehen (to look at) splits in a statement: sehen goes to position 2 and the prefix an to the end. Many common verbs work this way: anrufen, aufstehen, einkaufen.
German Grammar A1, chapter 13
sprechen über die Familie
Some verbs come with a fixed preposition: sprechen über + accusative (to talk about). Learn the preposition and its case with the verb.
German Grammar A2, chapter 8
› the end of the visit
Um sechs UhrTime fahreVerb ichSubject wieder nach Hause.Place
“At six o'clock I go back home.”
nach Hause
nach Hause means (going) home, the direction; zu Hause means at home, the place. Ich fahre nach Hause, but ich bin zu Hause.
German Grammar A2, chapter 7
› the conclusion
Das WochenendeSubject istVerb schön,Manner aberConnector esSubject istVerb immerTime zu kurz!Manner
“The weekend is nice, but it's always too short!”
ist schön … zu kurz
After sein an adjective takes no ending: das Wochenende ist schön. Endings only appear before a noun: ein schönes Wochenende.
German Grammar A1, chapter 17
› follows from the weekend being too short
Deshalb planeVerb ichSubject schonTime das nächste Wochenende.Accusative
“That's why I'm already planning next weekend.”
Deshalb plane ich
deshalb (that's why, so) links a result to what came before. It takes position 1 itself, so the verb follows straight away and the subject comes after it: Deshalb plane ich, never Deshalb ich plane.
German Grammar A2, chapter 15
› the plan
Nächsten SamstagTime fahrenVerb wirSubject an einen See.Place
“Next Saturday we're going to a lake.”
an einen See
an, in and auf take the dative for where something is (Wo?) and the accusative for where you're going (Wohin?). We drive an einen See; then we are an einem See.
› who's going
Wir, dasSubject sindVerb mein Bruder, meine Freundin Lea und ich.
“We means my brother, my friend Lea and me.”
Der SeeSubject liegtVerb vierzig Kilometer von der Stadt entfernt.Place
“The lake is forty kilometres from the city.”
WirSubject nehmenVerb die FahrräderAccusative mit.Verb end
“We're taking the bikes with us.”
Die FahrtSubject dauertVerb ungefähr zwei Stunden.Time
“The ride takes about two hours.”
LeaSubject hatVerb ein neues Fahrrad,Accusative undConnector sieSubject fährtVerb sehr schnell.Manner
“Lea has a new bike, and she rides very fast.”
sie fährt
Some verbs change their vowel for du and er/sie/es only: ich fahre, du fährst, sie fährt. Others: schlafen (schläft), sehen (sieht), sprechen (spricht).
German Grammar A1, chapter 5
ein neues Fahrrad
Before a noun an adjective gets an ending. After ein with a neuter noun it's -es: ein neues Fahrrad. That -es shows it's das, which ein alone doesn't.
German Grammar A2, chapter 10
Mein BruderSubject fährtVerb langsam,Manner dennConnector sein FahrradSubject istVerb alt.Manner
“My brother rides slowly, because his bike is old.”
IchSubject fahreVerb in der Mitte.Place
“I ride in the middle.”
› getting ready
Am FreitagabendTime kaufeVerb ichSubject im SupermarktPlace ein.Verb end
“On Friday evening I go shopping at the supermarket.”
IchSubject braucheVerb Brot, Tomaten, Käse und Wasser.Accusative
“I need bread, tomatoes, cheese and water.”
Mein BruderSubject machtVerb Kartoffelsalat.Accusative
“My brother makes potato salad.”
ErSubject kannVerb sehr gutManner kochen.Verb end
“He can cook very well.”
kann … kochen
A modal verb (können, müssen, wollen, dürfen, sollen, möchten) is in position 2, and the main verb goes to the very end as an infinitive: Er kann sehr gut kochen.
German Grammar A1, chapter 12
LeaSubject bringtVerb einen KuchenAccusative mit.Verb end
“Lea is bringing a cake.”
einen Kuchen
The direct object is in the accusative. Only masculine words show it: der → den, ein → einen. Feminine, neuter and plural stay the same.
German Grammar A1, chapter 10 Practise the accusative ›
Ihr KuchenSubject istVerb immerTime lecker.Manner
“Her cake is always delicious.”
WirSubject packenVerb allesAccusative in drei Rucksäcke.Place
“We pack everything into three backpacks.”
Hoffentlich istVerb das WetterSubject gut!Manner
“Hopefully the weather will be good!”
IchSubject freueVerb michAccusative schon sehr.
“I'm really looking forward to it.”
freue mich
sich freuen (to be glad, to look forward) needs a reflexive pronoun that matches the subject: ich freue mich, du freust dich, wir freuen uns.
German Grammar A2, chapter 4
› at the lake
Am SeePlace suchenVerb wirSubject einen PlatzAccusative unter einem Baum.Place
“At the lake we look for a spot under a tree.”
DannTime gehenVerb wirSubject schwimmen.Verb end
“Then we go swimming.”
Das WasserSubject istVerb noch kalt,Manner aberConnector dasSubject istVerb egal.Manner
“The water is still cold, but that doesn't matter.”
Nach dem SchwimmenTime habenVerb wirSubject großen Hunger.Accusative
“After swimming we're very hungry.”
WirSubject essenVerb den Salat, das Brot und natürlich den Kuchen.Accusative
“We eat the salad, the bread and of course the cake.”
DanachTime spielenVerb wirSubject Karten.Accusative
“After that we play cards.”
LeaSubject gewinntVerb fast immer.Time
“Lea almost always wins.”
Mein BruderSubject findetVerb dasAccusative nicht lustig.Negation
“My brother doesn't think that's funny.”
Am NachmittagTime schläftVerb erSubject im Gras.Place
“In the afternoon he sleeps in the grass.”
Lea und ichSubject gehenVerb um den See herum.Place
“Lea and I walk around the lake.”
WirSubject sehenVerb Enten, Fische und einen großen Hund.Accusative
“We see ducks, fish and a big dog.”
Der HundSubject springtVerb ins WasserPlace undConnector schwimmtVerb zu den Enten.Place
“The dog jumps into the water and swims to the ducks.”
Die EntenSubject fliegenVerb weg.Verb end
“The ducks fly away.”
› going home
Um sieben UhrTime fahrenVerb wirSubject zurück.Verb end
“At seven o'clock we ride back.”
WirSubject sindVerb müde,Manner aberConnector glücklich.Manner
“We're tired but happy.”
Zu HausePlace duscheVerb ichSubject undConnector esseVerb ein Brot.Accusative
“At home I have a shower and eat a sandwich.”
DannTime rufeVerb ichSubject meine OmaAccusative an.Verb end
“Then I call my grandma.”
IchSubject erzähleVerb ihrDative vom See.
“I tell her about the lake.”
ihr
The person you tell, give or show something to is in the dative. The pronouns change: ich → mir, du → dir, er → ihm, sie → ihr, wir → uns.
German Grammar A1, chapter 15 Practise the dative ›
SieSubject sagt,Verb dasSubject klingtVerb wunderbar.Manner
“She says it sounds wonderful.”
Am SonntagTime besucheVerb ichSubject sieAccusative wieder,Time wie immer.
“On Sunday I visit her again, as always.”
› the end
UndConnector das nächste WochenendeSubject istVerb hoffentlich nicht so kurz!Negation
“And hopefully next weekend won't be so short!”